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| EPHESUS |
 Ephesus
was captured by the Kimmers in 7th century B.C., by the Lydians
in 560, and later in 546 B.C. by the Persians; and was rescued
from the Persian domination when Alexander the Great defeated
the Persians.
The city was taken by the Kingdom of Pergamon after 190 B.C.,
by Rome in 133 B.C., and later by Byzantium , Ephesos maintained
its importance during the period of Christianity , and the apostle
St. Poul arrived there during the years of 50 A.D. It is also
a known fact that St. .John was buried on the hill of Ayasuluk
at the beginning of the 2nd century. Ephesos lived though its
third glorious period during the reign of Justinianus in the
middle of the 6th century A.D. and , at this time, the Church
of St. John was built on the hill of Ayasuluk. The Temple of
Artemis is also one the places to visit in Ephesos besides the
Church of St. John.
The other places to visit in Ephesos arc the Cave of the Seven
Sleepers, the house of the Virgin Mary, the Mosque of Isa Bey
built in 1375 and the Museum of Ephesos where the ancient remains
found in ruins of Ephesos are displayed.
The ruins of Ephesos , situated near Selcuk, are centers of
interest owing to the ancient remains that are still existent.
When you enter through the Magnesia Gate from above you see
the State Agora. The Temple of Isis is situated at the center
of the Agora, and Stoa is placed on the North side of it. The
Odeion with a capacity of 1400 persons is placed behind it and
the Prytaneion where the sacred fire used to burn, is on its
flank. The Baths of Varius are placed on the east side of Odeion.
On the west of the Agora, the Monument of Memmius built in the
late Hellenistic period, the fountain of C. Sextilius Pollio
built in the year 93 A.D. and the Temple of Domitian (81-93
A.D.) are placed. The Curetes street starts downwards from the
Temple of Memmius. The Gate of Heracles is placed on this avenue.
After passing though this part, the fountain of Trajan built
in the years 102-114 is seen on the right hand side and after
this, the Temple of Hadrian appears in front of us, in all its
splendid beauty (117-138 A.D.) The Scholastica Baths, built
in the 4th century A.D., are situated behind the Temple of Hadrian.
At the corner formed by the Curetes street and the Marble Road,
the House of Love is placed and the Library of Celsus, restored
and reestablished in recent years, stands right in front of
this. The southeastern gate of the Trade Agora opens to the
Library of Celsus. Agrippa's slave, Mazaeus and Mithridates,
liberated by him had this gate built in (he year 4 B.C;
Ephesus , known as one of the most fascinating archeological
sites in the world, was a large port and trading center at the
crossroads of important trade routes, such as the Kind road
and the Silk road.
Originally Ephesus was a harbor city but due to the Menderes
alluviums over the centuries, the site is now remoted from sea
for about 5-6 kms.
Excavation works in Ephesus started about 129 years ago and
there is no doubt that these will go on for many years together
with restoration works : each piece brought to daylight gives
new clues to archeologists about more objects to be discovered
or mysteries to be solved.
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